The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.